To attack a witness's character for truthfulness by evidence of a conviction, what must the court find about the crime's elements under Rule 609(a)(1)?

• A. The elements required proving a dishonest act or false statement.
• B. The crime involved a violent act against a person.
• C. The conviction was later overturned.
• D. The witness is the defendant.

Answer: (A)

The key idea is that a conviction can be used to attack credibility only when the crime’s elements involve deceit—i.e., a dishonest act or a false statement. If the offense includes dishonesty, the conviction is admissible to impeach the witness’s truthfulness under Rule 609, regardless of the punishment. This reflects why the correct choice points to the crime’s elements showing a dishonest act or false statement. Crimes that are violent, convictions that were overturned, or whether the witness is the defendant do not establish that honesty is implicated by the offense, so they don’t justify impeachment under this rule.